This study assessed the effect of Azotobacterchroococcum and nitrogen levels on morphophysiological traits, grain, and oil yield of six safflower(Carthamustinctorius L.) genotypesunder rainfed, as a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design, with three replications in Ilam Agricultural Research Station, Iran country during growing seasons of 2015-2016 and 2016-2017. The six genotypes of safflower were inoculated with Azotobacterin combination with four levels of urea (Non-inoculated with Azotobacterand without Urea as control, seed inoculation with Azotobacter, inoculation with Azotobacter+ 50% N from urea and inoculation with Azotobacter+ 100% N as Urea). The main effects of year, fertilizer and genotype had a significant impact on grain yield. The interaction effects of year × nitrogen and nitrogen × genotype had a significant effect on grain yield. The highest grain yield (1408 kg ha-1) was obtained in using 100% nitrogen fertilizer on Sina genotype, which was not significantly different from inoculated with Azotobacter+ 50% nitrogen fertilizer on Sina genotype with 1336 kg ha-1. Therefore, due to the need of reducing environmental hazards of excessive use of N fertilizer, the treatment of Sina genotype with 50% nitrogen fertilizer with Azotobacteris suitable for safflower cultivation under rainfed.

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting the improvement of the\nreverse supply chain (RSC) in the home appliances industry in Tehran, Iran. To\naccomplish this, a mixed research method (qualitative and quantitative) was used. The\ninitial indicators were derived through thematic analysis and in-depth, semi-structured\ninterviews with 14 RSC experts in the Tehran home appliances industry. Next, the final\nindicators were identified through the fuzzy Delphi method, and a model was constructed\nto optimize the indicators based on the objective function and its constraint. To primarily\nanalyze the data, 10 experts were asked to confirm the final indicators, and the indicators\nwere then prioritized by considering the opinions of 36 individuals concerned with the\nnotion of supply chain. Results revealed that the “Management” dimension, including\n“senior management’s specific attention to some chain loops” and “consumers’ feedback\nto producers in the SC”, was the fundamental factor in accepting new changes and\nappreciating the notion of RSC. Following that, the “Organizational Knowledge”\ndimension could serve as a determinant of RSC improvement in the industry from the\nvery first stages. Finally, through a model that clarified the output of the indicators, a\nmodel was constructed and genetic algorithm, along with model testing in GAMS\nprogram, was processed and analyzed in MATLAB. The results were presented including\nfitness values and the improved model.

The purpose of this study is to compare executive functions and visual-motor coordination in students with and without dyslexia. This research causal-comparative type of descriptive study. The study population included all 7-12 years old children with dyslexia in Mashhad city. Available sampling method was used in which 20 subjects were selected as sample of study. Research data were collected using the Tower of London, Stroop, continuous operation tests, and paper pencil visual-motor coordination test of Bender-Gestalt, and they were analyzed using multivariate variance analysis and Spss-19 software. The results showed that there is significant difference between two groups considering all components of executive function (exception of consonant error of Stroop Test) (P˂0.05) and all components of visual-motor coordination (P˂0.001), indicating that dyslexic students have lower performance in executive functions and visual-motor coordination compared to normal children. According to the findings, it is concluded that executive functions and visual-motor coordination play essential role in the creation, continuation, and intensification of dyslexia.

Mind maps as a learning and teaching technique and strategy can help medical students organize, integrate and retain information. Furthermore, they can be used as self-learning technique to facilitate understanding of difficult ideas and concepts of a text. This study aims to investigate the effects of mind mapping technique on the achievement of reading comprehension among medical students of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences in Iran. It also tries to investigate the experimental group\'s view about the use of the mind mapping as a teaching technique. In this study, two classes consisted of 70 1st year medical students from both genders, 35 students in the control group and 35 in the experimental group took part. An experimental method was adopted. In the first session, a pre-test was administered to both groups to homogenize them. The same texts were assigned for both groups. The treatment was conducted in 12 sessions. After accomplishing the treatment, a post-test was administered to both groups. At the end, a questionnaire handed out to assess students\' perception on the usefulness of mind mapping in the experimental group. The results showed that the use of mind mapping technique in the experimental group increased the students’ achievement in reading comprehension, while the students in the control group didn\'t. The experimental group\'s view about the use of the mind mapping as a teaching technique revealed that mind mapping technique is helpful in learning, understanding, summarizing and organizing reading comprehension and can increase student\'s concentration, motivation and creativity. Briefly, this study implies that the use of the mind mapping is a better technique to use when it comes to teaching and learning reading comprehension than the traditional method.