The use of educational technologies to teach the second language (L2) in general and L2 vocabulary, in particular, have mass appeal among the CALL practitioners. Conveying reported challenges and affordances in research results of the state-of-the-art literature in blended and distance L2 learning field was the main objective of the present study. A systematic review was conducted and the results were visualized in a hierarchical data model. Following a rigorous screening process, 97 peer-reviewed articles published from 2014–2020 were selected from the Wiley, ERIC, Sage, EBSCO, Tandf, Web of science, and Emerald databases. Theoretically, the findings inform the scholars about the reported weaknesses and strengths of the computer-assisted L2 vocabulary learning and serve them as a road map towards future research directions. Pedagogically, the findings serve L2 teachers as an instructional manual to inform them about the reported affordances that can be used for L2 vocabulary teaching and to inform them about the reported challenges and pedagogical measures that need to be taken before experiencing them.

Sunflower is one of the important oil plants in the world. The preparation and identification of drought tolerant cultivars can help increase yield and develop its cultivation in Iran which is in an arid-semiarid region. There is a need to enhance all year-round availability of the plant. Therefore, this study determines the susceptible and tolerant lines of sunflower to drought stress. 12 different sunflower lines in terms of characteristics related to screened drought-tolerant, and two sensitive and drought-tolerant lines were identified. The identified sunflower inbred lines were cultivated under two different experimental condition, irrigation and drought stress condition in a randomized complete block design with three replicates at the Karaj Oil Seeds Research Institute. Drought stress condition was carried out through irrigation cut-off at 2-8 leaf stages. Data were collected on agronomic traits and drought related traits such as plant height, head diameter, stem diameter, relative humidity and leaf area index. The grain yield was also calculated. The data collected were subjected to statistical analysis using (SAS software) and the results obtained showed that all the traits except stem diameter were significantly different in terms of stress at 1% probability level. After reviewing the tested factors and analyzing the data, the results were obtained by examining the percentage change of the studied traits, calculating stress indicators (drought tolerance, sensitive drought indices) and graph pattern derived from cluster analysis of cultivars. The results revealed that out of the 12 inbred lines studied, BGK221 is a sensitive line and RGK46 is a tolerant line. Furthermore, in order to study the response of these two lines under drought stress conditions, extraction of protein by acetone deposition method was performed in 8 leaves step of 3 seedlings in each replication. The amount of extracted protein was determined by Bradford method using two-dimensional electrophoresis and existence of significant difference between the stains in sensitive and tolerant lines was investigated. A total of 467 repeatable stains were found on the tolerant line and 417 repeatable stains appeared on the sensitive line. Among these proteins, 6 stain in both lines were significantly affected by drought stress. In both sensitive and tolerant lines, the main consequence of drought stress is increase in amount of protein in drought tolerant lines.

This experiment was performedto study the effect of biochar and humic acidic contenton some biochemical traits and grain yield of SC704 hybrid maize under waterdeficitcondition, during two crop years from 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 ina field located in Ahwaz city. The experiment,was carried out on a split-split plot in a completelyrandomized block design, with three replications. The main plot, involved water deficit stressat three levels (irrigation after depleting 30, 40, and 50% of the field capacity as optimum irrigation, moderate stress, and severe stress, respectively). The sub-plots included biochar at 2 levels (non-application of biochar (control) andapplication 4 tons of biochar per hectare), and the sub-sub plotsincluded humic acid at 4 levels (non-application of humic acid (control), application of 2, 4, and 6 liters of humic acid per hectare). The results indicated that the effect of water deficit stress and biochar were significant on grain yield, Fe andZncontent, grain protein, catalase, and proline. Al though, thegrain yield declined (36%) inthe severe stress conditions, but the catalase (45.7%) and proline (55%) activityincreased. Humic acid, had a significant positive effect on all traits listed in the experiment. The highest grain yield (8995.18 kg/ha), was related to irrigation treatment after 40% depletion of the field capacity and biocharapplication of 4 tons per hectare. Furthermore, the interaction between water deficit stress and humic acidon grain yield, was significant. According to the results, application of 4 liters ofhumic acid per hectare along with 4 tons ofbiochar per hectare, is recommended in arid and semi-arid regionsto save water consumption and reduce water deficit stress effects, dueto their positive impact on growth and yield.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an extremely pathogenic virus that results in coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) a severe respiratory damaging syndrome that causes serious complications for health worldwide. This novel virus and disorder were unfamiliar beforehand the epidemic started in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. COVID-19 is currently a pandemic influencing several countries worldwide. One of the mysteries of the new coronavirus is that it is deadlier for men than women as the mortality in males seems to be twice in every age group of females.

To evaluate the effect of organic fertilizers and Mycorrhizal symbiosis on yield components and the Percentage of essences of Nasturtium officinalis, The Factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete Block design with 8 treatments and 4 replications in Sari, in 2014. The experimental treatments were included Mycorrhizal fuangi (Glomus mosseae) at two levels of (0 and 200 spores in a pot), vermi compost at two levels of (0 and 200 g in a pot) and compost tea (vermiwash) at two levels of (0 and 1.5 liters in the specified pots). Traits measured were Plant height, number of seeds per plant, Plant dry weight, essence content. The results showed that the use of organic fertilizer and mycorrhizal symbiosis significantly improved the quantity and quality of Nasturtium officinalis characters. Treatments of organic fertilizer and biological fertilizers had a significant effect on most of the measured traits and increased all of the traits as compared to those of control. accordingly the highest Leaf area, Essence yield, Root diameter were obtained from the simultaneous use of both mycorrhizal, compost tea and vermicomposting treatment. The Triple interaction effects showed that the higest dry weight of the plant was 2.64g from the application of vermi wash, no vermicompost application, no mycorrhiza treatment. Our results clearly showed that the simultaneous using of vermicomposting, compost tea and mycorrhizal through the availability of nutrients increaseed the yield and improved the Nasturtium officinalis components quantity and quality.

The present study, for the first time, describes a simple method for preparation of a luminescent flexible gallium doped zinc oxide polystyrene nanocomposite. The prepared sample was characterized through UV–DRS, photoluminescence (PL), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Prepared polystyrene nanocomposite showed a strong blue emission at ∿ 420 nm with a very low full width at half maximum value (20 nm). The strong UV-blue emission, very weak deep-level emissions and low FWHM of composite indicates the good optical properties with low structural defects in the crystals. Structural study revealed the existence of wurtzite structure with no extra oxide peaks. The presence of gallium and zinc elements was confirmed in structure from EDX analyses. The present investigation shows that GZO nanocrysrals and flexible polystyrene composite have good optical properties which make them suitable candidates for fabrication of flexible optoelectronic devices.