Breast cancer is a multifactorial disease resulting from interactions between genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. Among environmental factors, it is known that diet plays a key role in cancer etiology. In addition, there is evidence that human milk may confer long-term benefits, such as reducing the risk of developing cancer. In breast cancer, macrophages represent one of the main components of the immune infiltrate, these cells seem to contribute to the progression and spread of tumors, but studies suggest that these cells can be reprogrammed to act as a potent antitumor immune response. In addition to the mechanisms involved in the interaction between immune system cells and tumor progression, studies have related the use of plants as an alternative for tumor immunotherapy, among which the Cerrado bryophytes stand out. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate Lejeunea cancellata extract as a modulating agent in breast cancer (MCF-7) tumor cell lines and human colostrum. Therefore, the natural extract of Lejeunea cancellata was prepared, and from this, immunophenotyping assays, cytokine dosage, and data analysis were performed. There was an increase in the secretion of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1 and IL-8 in the groups cocultured with MCF-7 in the presence of Lejeunea cancellata. Furthermore, a decrease in the expression of CD14 (macrophages), CD163, CD197+ and CD86+ (M1 macrophages), and CD197- and CD86+ (M2 macrophages) is observed in colostrum cells when they were treated with Lejeunea cancellata in coculture with MCF-7 cells. Thus, these data suggest that colostrum macrophages differentiate into M1 and M2 and that the bryophyte Lejeunea cancellata decreases the percentage of both macrophage phenotypes when cocultured with MCF-7 breast tumor cells, suggesting that the bryophyte can inhibit the formation of inflammatory infiltrate caused by M1 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment and, at the same time, the progression of M2 macrophages that favor tumorigenesis.

Contrary to the commonly accepted notion that underpins biology as the scientific study of life, there is not a single answer to the question: �what is life?�. A rather lengthy list of definitions and interpretations have emerged since the beginning of the nineteenth century, and apparently in a more frequent fashion during the recent two decades. This study intends to pinpoint the often-renovated quest which prevail in studies on the origin of life, astrobiology, and artificial life. It would be fair to argue that attempts to make relevant definitions in this sense at times deviate from biological thinking and thence entail (re)views or reformulations. With a view to sharing a basic definition of biological life, this study emphasizes the autopoietic character of biological systems, then offers an update to the term homeostasis into homeokinesis with the belief that this update would best fit the processual character of life. Finally, considering the cell as the fundamental unit of biological life, in the hierarchy of the biological organization, a �multi layered idea(l) of life� as emerging in the levels of the cell, and the organism is proposed.

Objective: The atopic march is a term that describes the progression of atopic disorders, from atopic dermatitis in young infants and toddlers to allergic rhinitis and asthma in later childhood. This retrospective study was aimed to examine the allergic diseases between 3 and 7 years old in patients with atopic dermatitis in the first 2 years of life. \nMethods: The study populations consisted of 119 children (AD group) aged 0-2 years with atopic dermatitis in 2013, and 92 children (non-AD control group) aged 0-3 months who had a hearing test for screening in the same year. The diagnoses of wheezing, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis in both groups below 2 years old and between 3-7 years old were examined from the hospital\'s database and e-health service (e-pulse).\nResults: Between 3 and 7 years old, the frequency of at least one wheezing attack (28.6% vs. 29.3%, P=0.511), at least three wheezing attacks (15.1% vs. 9.8%, P=0.173) and allergic rhinitis (22.7% vs. 22.8%, P=0.555) were not significantly different between AD and control groups, however, in the AD group, the frequency of at least one wheezing attack (42.6% vs. 19.4%, P=0.006), at least three wheezing attacks (25.6% vs. 8.3%, P=0.011), and allergic rhinitis (38.3% vs. 12.5%, P=0.001) were significantly higher in children with food sensitization than in children without food sensitization.\nConclusions: This retrospective study showed that the later allergic respiratory diseases in children with early-onset atopic dermatitis were associated with food sensitization regardless of early wheezing, and the persistence of atopic dermatitis was associated with multiple food sensitizations.

The Hecogenin extract is known to treat conditions affecting the liver and kidney as well as the cardiovascular and immune systems. In present study, the methyl substituted derivative of Hecogenin has been extracted directly from the fruit of Tribulus terrestris by Soxhlet extraction apparatus which is said to be more potent. The structure of the extracted material was elucidated using XRD, NMR, Mass spectroscopy, FTIR and SEM. To reveal the thermal properties, DSC was carried out. The cumulative study of the structure and thermal properties of the extracted materials confirms the structure to be Hecogenin with methyl substituted on meta positon.

We have investigated the structural, electronic, elastic, mechanical, thermodynamic, and phonon properties of RhVSi half Heusler alloy in this work. The alloy obeys the Slater-Pauling rule. It is a face-centered cubic C1b structure. It exhibits a lattice parameter of 5.71 eV and a narrow indirect bandgap of 0.285 eV, making it attractive as an absorber in solar systems. The alloys have 18-valence electrons, and they obey the Slater-Pauling rule. The negative formation energy of 0.33 shows that experimental simulation is possible; it also confirms the structure\'s stability. The elastic properties obey the stability criteria set by Born and Huang and are, therefore, stable. We analyzed the alloy\'s mechanical strength, and it proves to be a superhard material with a Vickers hardness of 60.266 GPa. The Debye temperature of 408.375 K shows that the compound is hard and possesses a large wave velocity (3421.230 m/s) and will have high thermal conductivity. From investigations on the phonon properties using a 4×4×4 supercell to facilitate convergence, there are no negative frequencies; hence, we submit that the RhVSi half Heusler semiconductor is dynamically stable and can be simulated experimentally.

Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. (# SOLEL), is an invasive alien weed in the semi-arid climate of Tunisia. Enhanced understanding of its invasive traits will be useful for its management. This research showed that, under the semi-arid climate of Chott-Meriem, SOLEL growing season starts in March and continues till December. Its vegetative growth is characterized by two peaks, the first from March to May and the second from September to October. Thus, the plant should be controlled twice during these periods. The monitoring of its vegetative propagation indicates its ability to regenerate offshoots within a radius of 1.5 m, which underline the plant success to colonize new habitats. SOLEL flowering takes place from April to October and peaked in June. Fruit production starts in May, peaked in August and continues till November. This extended period enhances its invasion by a massive fruit production and a better chance for long distance dispersal. Thus, the timing of the control actions should consider sexual and vegetative modes of SOLEL propagation. SOLEL ground cover is positively correlated with fruit number per plant. Therefore, the control action should prevent the establishment of the early emerging plant. SOLEL phenology-climate correlations showed that vegetative regeneration, flowering and fruiting were better associated with temperature than precipitation. SOLEL fruiting was more responsive to temperature than vegetative growth and flowering. Accordingly, drought is not the most limiting factor for SOLEL establishment. Invasiveness-Climate relationships could forecast SOLEL potential distribution and impacts under climate changes.

In this study, a neutrosophic N-subalgebra, a (implicative) neutrosophic N-filter, level sets of these neutrosophic N-structures and their properties are introduced on a Sheffer stroke BE-algebras (briefly, SBE-algebras). It is proved that the level set of neutrosophic N-subalgebras ((implicative) neutrosophic N-filter) of this algebra is the SBE-subalgebra ((implicative) SBE-filter) and vice versa. Then it is proved that the family of all neutrosophic N-subalgebras of a SBE-algebra forms a complete distributive modular lattice. We present relationships between upper sets and neutrosophic N-filters of this algebra. Also, it is given that every neutrosophic N-filter of a SBE-algebra is its neutrosophic N-subalgebra but the inverse is generally not true. It is demonstrated that a neutrosophic N-structure on a SBE-algebra defined by a (implicative) neutrosophic N-filter of another SBE-algebra and a surjective SBE-homomorphism is a (implicative) neutrosophic N-filter. We present relationships between a neutrosophic N-filter and an implicative neutrosophic N-filter of a SBE-algebra in detail. Finally, certain subsets of a SBE-algebra are determined by means of N-functions and some properties are examined.

Background: Over-the-counter availability and a good safety profile make paracetamol one of the most common analgesics in developed countries but also the leading cause of liver failure due to overdose.\nObjectives: To identify modifiable risk factors for severe hepatotoxicity following paracetamol overdose in adults. \nMethods: A retrospective cohort study involved the consecutive adult patients hospitalized in a toxicological center over a period of 7 years due to paracetamol overdose. Complete medical datasets of laboratory and anamnestic variables were analyzed and validated by means of logistic regression model.\nResults: A total of 185 patients entered the study, including 25 individuals who developed severe hepatotoxicity (plasma aminotransferases levels above 1000UI/L) and 31 individuals with mild to moderate liver injury (plasma aminotransferases levels above upper normal range, but below 1000UI/L). In the univariable analysis, significant hepatotoxicity risk factors were male gender, alcohol abuse, an ingested paracetamol dose and a timespan from ingestion to hospital admission. The later one was the only significant risk factor in the multivariable model (adjusted odds ratio 1.08; 95%CI: 1.03-1.12)\nConclusions: A delay in hospital admission, resulting in a delayed administration of disease-specific treatment outweighs any other known risk factors of paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity.

In this paper, we introduce the notion of virtual topological linear spaces and formulate an analog of the Hahn-Banach Separation\nTheorem in virtual topological linear spaces.