Lignocellulose-derived organic biobased (plant) nanocellulose, nanocoating, biocoating, biofilm, and other components can be implemented in the medical, biomedical, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and bioengineering industries. Nanobiobased bio-coating derived from lignocellulose is edible and naturally biodegradable. The study was carried out to investigate the edible nanocellulose-based nano coating for drug delivery (capsules and pellets) using jackfruit peel biomass coming after bioprocess technology. Jackfruit peel biomass was utilized as a sample to produce edible biobased nanocoating for drug delivery (pellet and capsule) and other industrial uses. Nanocellulose preparation using bioprocess technology, acid hydrolysis and pyrolysis, plasticizer mixture, and food additive dye were used for this experiment. The result exhibited that negligible water percent (0.05%) absorbed by biobased nanocoating was under the ASTM (American Standard for Testing and Materials). The ordor test was examined and found to be completely under the standardization of ASTM. In addition, nanocoating attached to the food additive color, tensile strength, firmness test, pH, and cellulose content have followed the standard value of ASTM compared to the synthetic coating. Besides, inorganic chemical elements tests such as K, P, Ca, CO3, Cl, Na, Mg exhibited positive standardization of biobased nanocoating compared to the synthetic coating in the laboratory using the EN (166)) standardization. Therefore, it can be concluded that organic (nanocellulose) based edible nanocoating may be used for drug (pellet and capsule) coating using jackfruit peel biomass as biomedical, cosmetic, and medical components in the pharmaceutical industries.

Studies have demonstrated the ability of Orbygnia martiana to alter apoptosis and necrosis in tumor cells, but the results are still controversial. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of Orbygnia martiana under the mechanisms of oxidative stress in coculture between human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and breast tumor cells and its association with cell death mechanisms. The extract was obtained from Orbygnia martiana leaves at a concentration of 0.2 g/mL, and after previous concentration-response tests, it was diluted to a concentration of 100 pg/mL. Incubations were made for 18 hours between human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy volunteers and cultures of mammary tumor cells of the MCF-7 strain with and without the stimulus of the extract. Subsequently, the release of superoxide anion and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were evaluated. Results: Viability, apoptosis, necrosis, and Fas expression were also evaluated. The extract did not alter the viability of normal cells. The apoptosis index increased, whereas necrosis was reduced in tumor cells. Higher superoxide release in coculture and lower superoxide dismutase activity were observed in the spontaneous control group carrying only tumor cells. Conclusion: Therefore, the hydroalcoholic extract of Orbygnia martiana appears to be a possible treatment for breast cancer by inducing the death of mammary tumor cells, and the possible mechanism linked to this effect is the imbalance of the oxidative balance.

Nurses working shift scheduling is known as a challenging task for nursing managers. In this study a nursing scheduler computerized system is designed to prepare justice schedules in less time. Data is gathered from shift schedules and nursing manager\'s interview in a big educational and governmental hospital in Iran. The expert entity planning procedure transformed to mathematical functions and system was designed based on Genetic Algorithms programming.\nComparison between expert and system designed schedules resulted in 57% reducing of uniform arrangement cost and 93% time saving for nursing manager. Further investigations on designing a system which can be applied in various nursing wards with more constraints and flexibility are recommended.

Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) has been reported from several plant species mostly halophytes as the most important enzyme responsible for salinity tolerance. We investigated its expression in an alfalfa cultivar, Gara-Yonjeh, widely cultivated in saline soils across Northwest of Iran. Five different NaCl concentrations 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM were examined using 30 seeds for each treatment. The Na+, K+, Ca2+ and proline concentration were measured in cotyledon and young roots of seven-day-old seedlings. Total RNA was extracted and the mRNA levels of P5CS2 (∆1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase) and BADH (hereafter MsP5CS2 and MsBD1, respectively) were determined using semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis. MsBD1mRNA was reverse-transcribed and PCR amplified. The amplified MsBD1 DNAs was cloned. Our results showed that 150 mM NaCl was stress threshold. The cations and proline accumulation significantly increased by increasing NaCl concentration. The mRNA levels of MsP5CS2 and MsBD1 in both cotyledons and roots increased at 150 mM compared to control, but this expression was stronger in cotyledons for MsP5CS2 and in roots for MsBD1. A 1518 bp cDNA fragment of MsBD1, and its proposed (505) amino acid sequences isolated from Gara-Yonjeh showed high DNA and amino acid sequences homology with many BADH genes reported from several plant species.

Early detection through serum examining for prostate specific antigen (PSA) and improved procedures for surgical intervention and radiation therapy have significantly decreased the number of fatalities; however, there is still no main cure for men with advanced disease. Prostate tumors growing afflict one man in nine over the age of 66 and represent the often frequently diagnosed cancer in American men. Therefore, much evidence has been dedicated to identifying prognostic markers that distinguish indolent versus aggressive forms of prostate tumors growing. Indeed, less evidence has been devoted to understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie real prostate growth and development or cancer initiation and progression significantly. We think on key regulatory molecules that have been implicated by result of patterns of allelic loss in man prostate tumors growing and/or by reverse genetic approaches in the mouse. In this review, we address recent expansion due to the central objectives of understanding parameters of real versus unreal prostatic development and of elucidating a molecular pathway for prostate tumors growing progression.

The aim of this research is investigating of psychosocial interventions in the negative attitudes control due to sport injuries. In recent years, Research, design, implementation, and efficacy testing of newer psychological interventions have been a great passion of psychologists, This article tests some an effort with the objective of testing the efficacy of a newly developed intervention strategy that is established on theatre methods for control negative attitude due to sport injuries being one of the main debilitating factors of sport effectiveness. The literature and results were applied on group of 28 sport persons with half subjects in experimental group and another half subjects in control group. The intervention consisted of 5 sessions, which is based on a module designed by the experimenter. T student Statistics was used to regression the mean difference significance among both control via experimental groups before and after treatment. The experiment’s results have been conducted that the recently new developed interventions are effective with controlling negative attitude due to sport injuries. Finally present paper concludes the rationale and theoretical basis of employing a theatre-based intervention in sport framework.

Serious abdominal injury is an uncommon problem as a result of Exerciseing activities. Serious abdominal injuries resulting from Exercise are rare. However, injuries may sometimes go undiagnosed because of its relative infrequency. Because of these injuries are for the most part, internal and concealed Significant blunt abdominal injuries do not present in the same way as major orthopedic injuries, usually. The potential for misdiagnosis is significant and the consequences may be serious. Patients with abdominal pain should be taken very seriously and investigated with appropriate diagnostic equipment. Exerciseing bodies have a responsibility to address safety within a particular Exercise and to change the rules where necessary as injury patterns are identified. In this research the relationship between exercise and abdominal injuries has been discussed. So this have high important that the forces involved in an injury and the mechanism of the injury are obtained and to have much knowledge of the Exercise or activity during that the injuries were sustained.

Aims: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the production of aflatoxin B1 and extracellular protein patterns produced by A. flavus. \nStudy design: Aspergillus flavus is among of fungi that wide dispersal and its massive contamination on feed thus, inevitable to inhibit the growth of this fungus and subsequently production of aflatoxin. \nPlace and Duration of study: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Malayer University, between August 2012 and March 2013.\nMethodology: The using by acetonic, ethanolic, water, methanolic, chloroform and ethyl ether extracts of Aloe Vera fresh leaves, Antitoxin activity of the extracts was evaluated by HPLC. Also, effect of extracts on extracellular proteins of Aspergillus flavus, analysed by SDS- PAGE technique.\nResults: The acetone extract of Aloe Vera were used to evaluate and study on Results obtained from HPLC analysis revealed the inhibition of aflatoxin production in 2000µL in 50mL group for 40.94% and in 2µL in 50mL group for 18.14%. The SDS-PAGE results showed that with decrease in fungal mycelium growth, the proteins production rate was also decreased. \nConclusion:From this study it can be concluded that acetone extracts of Aloe Vera can be effective in reducing aflatoxin B1 and extracellular proteins production rates by the fungus A. flavus.

Garlic oil (GAR) at 150, 300, and 450mg/l of rumen liquor was incubated for 24h in diluted ruminal fluid with a 50:50 roughage: concentrate wheat straw based diet. It has resulted in decrease of in vitro true dry matter digestibility, molar proportion of acetate, propionate and butyrate. Methane emission was significantly (P<0.05) decreased in presence of GAR. Further, GAR (at the rate 150mg/l RL) was evaluated under in vivo conditions in Ten lactating Murrah buffaloes divided into two groups i.e. Control and Treatment group, and it shown very promising results on methane reduction. Methane was reduced up to 70% in case of GAR, without affecting digestibility of nutrients and milk composition in comparison to control group. Overall milk production was remained similar in all groups but just after supplementation of GAR, and up to 12 weeks of supplementation, it remained significantly higher in treatment group as compared to control group.