Drought stress is the main environmental factor that limiting crops growth and productivity in Iran. Therefore, in order to evaluate effects of water deficit on yield and yield components of soybean, an experiment was performed in the research field of the Islamic Azad University of Kermanshah, Iran. Response of four soybean cultivars at four irrigation regimes investigated based on randomized complete block design with three replications. At the end of growth season, ten plants were selected randomly from each plot and then final yield and yield component were measured. The results of this experiment show that there are significant differences among cultivars in yield and yield components at different irrigation regimes. The lowest values of grain and biological yield were obtained under condition in which water stress occurred in R1 that indicating the importance and sensitivity of this stage in plant life cycle. Also, number of pod and seed per plant decreased when that withholding irrigation occurred at the early of flowering stage. Withholding irrigation at seed-filling stage had the most effects on reducing seed weight. Therefore, the lowest 100-seed weight per plant was obtained when withholding irrigation at R6. The results of path coefficient analysis were shown that seed/plant and seed weight had high and positive direct effects on seed yield. In addition, Withholding irrigation at R3 had more effect on reducing pod and seed dry weight.
In order to study the effects of micronutrients foliar application on soybean yield under water deficit conditions, an experiment was conducted in a split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Kermanshah province, Iran at 2010 growing season. In this research, treatments included four irrigation regimes and eight micronutrient foliar applications. At the V4 growth stage, the plats were sprayed twice (with one week interval) with 0.5% (w/v) or distilled water until the leaves were wet. At the end of growth season and harvesting time, the grain yield and yield components were determined. The results was showed that except for 100-seed weight per plant, other evaluated traits affected by irrigation regimes and micronutrients foliar application. Water deficit at flowering stage reduced plant height, Number of node, pod, and seed per plant, number of sub branch and grain yield by 21.5%, 24.9%, 24.9%, 33.8%, 32.0% and 29.3% compared check treatment, respectively. In the other side, spray of manganese increased grain yield by 29.6% compared M0 treatment. Indeed, Mn used was decreased the adverse effects of drought stress.
This study assessed the concentrations of four metals, Cu, Pb, Cd and Zn in the flesh of two dominant fish species, Mugil cephalus and Seriola sp. from the Korle Lagoon in Ghana. The results indicated very high concentrations of Cu (17.02 ± 6.77 µg/g), Pb (45.91 ± 1.79 µg/g) and Cd (36.05 ± 2.65 µg/g) in the flesh of the two species which were above safety reference standards outlined by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) and thus posed a serious health risk for human consumers.
In this paper, the main purpose is extracting the optimal path of gas production for period of 2011 to 2021, for south Pars field. I use from Matlab Optimization toolbox for this aim.\nResults of this paper reveal upward sloping of gas extraction of south Pars field.
People around the world are concerned with the solid waste management and it has become a burning issue due to its impacts on the environment and conservation. In fact, it involves in the human civilization process. Most of the countries have their own Acts and policy to tackle this problem. The humans and poverty are mostly responsible for this problem. Some religious guidelines regarding the environmental conservations may be critical in this regard. In Bangladesh, this problem is numerous due to over population and range of poverty. In order to address this issue, the government of Bangladesh has passed several laws and policies in this regard. The newly set up the Environment Courts bear critical role preventing and protecting the environment. This study examines critically the existing legal environmental provisions in Bangladesh based on the primary and the secondary sources consisting of at least 25 respondents in this regard. A similar case study may be made in Hantian Kazang, Bangi, Malaysia where a lot of Bangladeshi people have been working there.
Justice and its administration are the essential and inherent needs of the human being which allowed development of the human societies over history. In this research, we study the effect of perceived organizational justice on organizational commitment of the employees of Isfahan Municipality with regard to demographic variables. This research is descriptive –survey and the information were gathered with use of data obtained from researcher-made questionnaire (including 48 questions). The obtained results indicate that effect of procedural, distributive and interactional justice on organizational commitment of the employees of Isfahan Municipality is higher than average level and perception of organizational justice is more effective than average level on organizational commitment of the employees of Isfahan Municipality. Perception of organizational justice is more effective than other components on organizational commitment of the employees.
In Finite Mixture Models approach, identifying the number of components (clusters) in a dataset is one of the most important problems; despite the accumulation of many proposals, a question remains concerning the selection of specific information criteria that may be more suitable for particular applications. The aim of this study is to determine which theoretical information criteria is more appropriate (among eleven frequently used) for mixture model selection when considering datasets with mixed (both categorical and numerical) clustering base variables. \nIn order to select among information criteria, which may support the selection of the correct number of clusters, we conduct a simulation study. The generation of mixtures with both multinomial and multivariate normal data supports the proposed analysis. As a result, we establish a relationship between the level of measurement of clustering variables (mixed) and some (eleven) information criteria’s performance on finite mixture models. The criterion AIC3, followed by AICu, shows better overall performance (it indicates the correct number of the simulated clusters’ structures more often) when referring to mixtures of mixed clustering base variables.