Make or buy decision, is one of the production strategies of the industries. Despite its effect on the dynamism of economic institutions, the problem of make or buy decision is usually viewed as a short-term matter, which is based on costs and operational considerations. The environment dynamism and unreliability of suppliers’ performances have caused some changes and re-considerations in the present algorithm of companies’ make or buy decisions. The aim of this research is to answer the following question: How can an algorithm be found through which the decisions regarding the component production by the manufactures or ordered by the suppliers can be made, considering the effective factors on make or buy decision process?\n In this paper, considering the necessity of adopting a new attitude toward the problem of make or buy in sprayer manufacturing companies, this algorithm was reconsidered and represented. Crystal-Ball software and simulation were employed in make cost computations due to the uncertainty of some parameters. Having applied the algorithm as a case study, some were made regarding changing make or buy strategies in the mentioned companies. Based on the gained results, their implementations were suggested such that the algorithm was redesigned in terms of other effective factors on make or buy decisions. The consideration of investment costs and disruption risk in the suggested algorithm provided the novelty aspect of this research.

DNA extraction from fledgling leaves of okra suitable for RCA (Rolling Circle Amplification). It is very difficult task to work with okra during DNA isolation because of high amount of polyphenols and polysaccharides especially present in fruits and leaves. The DNA extraction protocol was developed by taking leaf sample volume (40-50mg), use of phenol/chloroform which removed phenolic compounds and polysaccharides and absolute ethanol is used for precipitation of DNA. This yielded a high quality DNA for RCA analysis. The RCA product endorsed the presence of circular molecule in DNA sample.

Landfill is one of the oldest and most widely used methods of waste management. Due to the special geographical and climatic condition of the northern province of Iran using this method is faced of many challenges. Several parameters are considered in determining the appropriate location for landfill. The goal of this study was to determine the best location for the landfill of Babol in north of Iran. The parameters that important in finding the location for landfill are such as: Groundwater level, distance from surface water sources, faults, slope, soil and rock type, distance from cities and aggregation centers, and distance from forest and roads. For understanding and finding knowledge about these parameters the topographic maps, geology, soil science and hydrology are used. In this study the range of effective parameters of this subject was determined, and analyzed with both Boolean and Fuzzy logic methods. This study indicates that Kardijkola has the most suitable conditions and the worst place for landfill is Ahangarkola and Kashikola. Indeed this study is based on the field that do not have any of condition for choosing are removed in first step (Initial selection) and afterwards between the remaining option, the option that have best condition according to weight was given is chosen as the final location of the landfill.

Methods employed to date on issues and trends in architecture, energy and technology and even stuff is\nrefurbished and many other issues. Way that each frame is unique and special, while mixing it with the\nquestions they can answer. The results of the methods used to enhance existing elements are not a\nmember of this site and the site is new construction and the aim of this project interaction between the\ntwo different forms of Architecture attainting using asked the extent to which the newer design process\nto achieve optimal response is achieved.

Freshwater availability for irrigation decreases because of increasing demand from urban and industrial areas, degrading irrigation infrastructure, and water quality. The demanding for high production of rice with less water use is crucial for food supply. In this research, a field experiment was conducted during 2009 and 2010 to determine the effect of crop density on water productivity of rice crop. The study was carried out in a split-plot design with three variety as subplots and four different irrigation regimes as main plots. To model the various water productivity components, the ORYZA2000 model was used. The comparison of model results with observed data was performed using different statistical methods. The results showed that between varieties the highest amount of different water productivity WPET, WPT, WPI was measured in Hybrid and Dorfak was in second range. Also our result showed that Water productivity of Alikazemi with changes in irrigation management from I1 to I2 was decreased but in Hybrid and Dorfak change in water management had not significant Effect on water productivity because with decrease of water consumption the yield of these two varieties was decreased.

Ball milling is one of the most extensively used technique to produce ultrafine materials. The ball milling process is widely used in ceramic and metal processing industries. Ball milling consists of repeated fracture, mixing, and cold welding of a fine blend of metal, oxide, and alloy particles resulting in size reduction and sometimes in chemical reactions. In recent years the ball milling process is employed to prepare nanostructured materials which are intensively studied, particularly because the physical and chemical properties of these materials are quite different from those of the bulks material. In nano-materials research, this technique is well used to fine-tune the grain sizes of the materialsin nano-scales. However scientists and engineers are optimizing the processing parameters and machine construction to obtain powders with desired size and performance characteristics. The purpose of this work is to review the findings of some of the researchers, relevant to the ball milling process for soft magnetic materials such iron, cobalt and nickel and to emphasize the importance of key process parameters on grain size, particle size and performance characteristics.

The acrylic matrix in a composite tends to shrink on setting. Excessive shrinkage in a filling material is undesirable because it would either leave a gap between the tooth surface and the filling material, or, if well bonded, would cause cracks in the tooth structure as the filling contracts during setting. Furthermore, any filling made from resin alone would wear very rapidly in service.These were the first type of resin composite marketed in the 1960\'s for filling front teeth. As the name implies, the particles in a Nano-composites are fairly large. Crystalline quartz was ground into a fine powder containing particles 1 to 50 microns (µM) in diameter. The 1µM size is critical, since particles larger than this are visible to the naked eye. Particles 1µM and larger are called macro particles, while those smaller than 1µM are called micro particles.

The amount of meritocracy system establishment in the government agencies of Ahvaz city is assessed in this study. Meritocracy is a system which the job benefits and situations is given to the people just on the basis of merit and no based on the gender, social class, ethnicity or wealth. Statistical society is the employers of government organizations of Ahvaz city (N=10377) and the volume of sample is determined by Morgan and Karjesi sampling (n=384). Also a questionnaire is made in order to collecting data which is divided to two sections; first section is used to recognition degree of meritocracy system establishment with the constant coefficient 0.92 according to the Cronbach Alpha and second section is used torecognition of sociological status of responders. In this study the Rough sets theory (RST) was used to reduce data and conclusion of them, and then decide table was constructed and standardized by determining maximum and minimum scores and deciding variable, in the next step compatible and incompatible cases were characterized, finally Reduction table is formed. Results showed that if sub-system is developing meritorious people is in a low level and meritocratic of organization in the organization is in low level surely. And also meritocratic system of organization is moderate level if developing meritorious people and keeping meritorious people is in the moderate level surely. Meritocracy system of organization is in high level surely if desiring meritorious is in the high level.

Seed borne mycoflora of mung and mash bean was screened using standard agar plate and blotter paper method. Agar plate method found to be effective due to higher percent incidence of seed mycoflora. A total of eight fungal species were isolated from mung and mash bean seeds from which Macrophomina phaseolina found to be dominant on mung bean while Fusarium semitactum in mash bean seeds. The isolated fungi were found to reduce seed germination by 15-20% and cause seedling mortality by 10-15%. Four different fungicides and three plant extracts were evaluated against the seed borne mycoflora among of which Captan demonstrated promising effects by improving seed germination and minimizing fungal recovery. While in case of plant extracts Azadirachta indica enhance seed germination and reduced fungal recovery.

Re-establishing a community-place relationship in a new environment is not easy. First of all its success has to rely on the determination of the resettlers and external support from the government, academe and other welfare agencies.This study came about to describe the experiences, social support mechanisms and life changes of families resettled to Lubo, Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur, Philippines in 2004. This study is a qualitative-phenomenological type of research conducted from May to August, 2009. A Focus Group Discussion was conducted for the participants to relate their experiences about resettlement and the key informants’ interviews were done for the collateral information. All participants expressed the difficult experience due to poor site selection, hasty decision and lack of consultation among members of the Bugac Maa Urban Poor Settlers Association (BUMUPSAI). Of the 58 resettlement beneficiaries, 18 remained in the site while others returned to Maa for economic reasons. The University of Mindanao and other agencies provided assistance during the relocation. The host community, especially the municipal government of Sta. Cruz, formally accepted them. Since then, the BUMUPSAI has had a regular representative in the Lubo Community Development Council while the municipal government of Sta. Cruz promised to provide the BUMUPSAI basic infrastructures and services needed.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are consisting of many sensor nodes and a Sink. Some problems of WSNs are their hard management, limited resources, dynamic topology and low scalability. One significant solution against these problems is clustering. In clustering process, Cluster-Head (CH) selection is an important step, especially in clustering-based and homogenous WSNs. As a result, this paper is represented a centralized, multi-criteria and a top-down CH selection algorithm. The proposed algorithm is based on the VIKOR technique; it is ranking members of each cluster based on several non-commensurable and conflicting criteria and then, selecting appropriate CH for each cluster.