Morphotype richness is often treated as a black box for nutrient acquisition. Using 15N-ammonium and 13C-glucose tracers in split-root microcosms, we show that cottony morphotypes acquire more ammonium early while crust types shift toward amino acid channels after four weeks, with implications for seedling establishment trials.

Millions of specimens carry handwritten locality text that never entered databases. We train a compact transformer labeler on 18k crowdsourced snippets and geocode predicted place names against gazetteers. Precision exceeds eighty percent for municipality-level matches when combined with collector surname priors.

Prior-season drought can shift green-up timing even after soil moisture recovers. We harmonize first greenness dates from six rainout shelters and fit mixed models with site random slopes. Legacies shorten the thermal time window to peak biomass in shallow-rooted communities but fade within two seasons on deeper soils.

Gap metrics drive light models but sensors differ in occlusion bias. We align leaf-off UAV photogrammetry with discrete-return LiDAR over 42 ha and derive gap fraction at multiple zenith rings. Stereo underestimates fine gaps in dense spruce admixture while LiDAR remains stable when pulse density exceeds eight returns per square meter.

We manipulate synthetic exudate cocktails in microcosms planted with barley and profile bacterial communities by amplicon sequencing. Network modularity increases with carboxylic acid richness but collapses when amino acids dominate, suggesting trade-offs between facilitative and competitive taxa during early colonization.

Kernel shape informs gene flow projections but paternity datasets are sparse in small forest patches. We embed a flexible two-parameter kernel in a hierarchical model with genotype error and compare marginal posteriors across connectivity scenarios. Posterior means favor fat-tailed kernels when edge trees dominate mating opportunities.

Understory recovery after logging is often summarized by species counts alone. We quantify leaf economics and hydraulic traits for 186 woody recruits across twelve plots and test whether observed trait dispersion departs from null expectations. Results suggest filtering on shade tolerance early, with weaker convergence in dispersal-related traits as canopy gaps close.